Publishing archive
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The highlighted days are the ones with something published; those are clickable.
IT
A food label tells us where an item came from, when it was checked, and when it expires. A fact card needs similar information. For each answer, record a decision trail: what was recognized, how many cards matched, and why an answer was allowed.
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A first-aid kit is useful when each item has a name, expiry, and instructions. Our release is also a complete kit: program, rules, exercise cards, a run command, and checkable boundaries. It answers only two kinds of short question about a fictional club.
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A kettle takes time to heat from cold; pouring already-hot water is faster. A program likewise has a fresh-start cost and a cost for calling a ready function again. Measure both, file size, and observed memory allocations.
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Two people inspect a bicycle: a learner names three familiar parts, while a workshop also records each part’s condition. Compare only the work they have in common. Our lesson 11 recognizes two preset forms; adam_fst is a separate Rust tool that analyzes a Kazakh word into a root and grammatical features. It is not a source for club schedules.
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A receptionist checks a visitor’s name against a list. If the name is unclear or two passes are requested at once, the receptionist asks rather than guessing. Our classifier should likewise stop on an unknown word, a typo, or a question asking for both time and place.
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A receptionist sees both “when” and “where” in a note. Even if “when” appears twice, the receptionist should ask which question the writer wants answered. The previous counter made exactly that mistake.
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A teacher prepares answer cards before marking a pupil’s work. A model likewise needs a question paired with a correct exercise label. Without labeled examples, it has nothing to learn from and we have no way to inspect its mistakes.
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If a pupil has already seen the test answers, a high mark proves little. Put the questions into three envelopes: one for learning, one for adjusting the rule, and one to open only for the final check.
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A pupil notices that time cards often contain “қашан” while place cards contain “қайда.” Let the program count such patterns. This small classifier chooses a known question type. It has no club facts and does not generate free text.
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A teacher distinguishes a wrong answer from an honest “I do not know yet.” Too many refusals are still a problem. One attractive number is not enough: count correct answers and known questions left unanswered.
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A form has fixed wording and one blank for a checked value. Such a template does not invent a timetable: it only displays the selected card clearly.
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A library gives each book a card with a title and shelf. We will give each exercise fact a similar record. Here “checked” means the fictional club author entered it into our learning catalog; it is not a real timetable.
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If a notice board has two different notices for one activity, choosing the first is unsafe. Once a notice has expired, its old schedule cannot be presented as current. Combine question parsing, lookup, and these two checks.
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A class time on a notice board is useful when we know which notice it came from and when someone checked it. Add those details to each card.
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An author name alone may identify several library books. Our catalog also needs two keys: activity and information type. Lesson 15 already extracted this pair from a short question.
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Шахмат қашан? (“When is chess?”) and Шахмат қайда? (“Where is chess?”) concern the same class but ask for different records. The question type, often called *intent*, is the kind of information wanted: time or place here. It is not the information itself. A form saying “item requested” is not the delivered item.
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If you ask a librarian “When does the chess club open?”, they first need to know which club you mean. Our fictional study club has two lesson names: Шахмат (“chess”) and Сурет (“drawing”). Call the named thing the subject of the question. In software it is often called an *entity*: a specific item we may later look up in a catalog.
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A door marked “hall” might lead to a sports hall or a concert hall; you need more information. Kazakh ат likewise means “horse” and “name.” One isolated word cannot justify choosing either. A [dictionary of literary Kazakh](https://sozdikqor.kz/sozdik/?id=38) records both meanings.
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Imagine two tickets: one takes you to a museum; the other admits you inside it. Both mention the museum, but their jobs differ. A Kazakh word can likewise keep its stem and possession while changing its final part: үйлерімізге means “to our houses”; үйлерімізде means “in our houses.”
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A ticket clerk cannot issue a ticket if the buyer names two films and no showing. They ask which one the buyer wants. Our model must also stop when it cannot tell which class or which kind of information is requested. A refusal here means “not enough verified information for the next step,” not “your question is bad.”
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You can pack the same kind of item in boxes of different sizes. The meaning “more than one” stays, while the sound of the added part adjusts to its neighbors. In Kazakh, the plural ending has six forms: -лар, -лер, -дар, -дер, -тар, -тер. The hyphen shows a boundary for study; it is not written in the complete word.
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A librarian makes separate cards before looking up individual books. Our model likewise needs separate words before it can find stems. A token here means one separated word; tokenization is the act of obtaining those words from a line.
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Change one letter on an envelope and it may go to the wrong address. For our model, үй and уй are also different spellings. Before analyzing a word, we need to receive exactly what the person typed.
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On a letter, you write the address and then add the stamp; the familiar procedure has an order. Word parts have positions too. Our example follows stem → plural → possession → direction. Possession says “whose?”; direction says “toward what?” The Kazakh үй-лер-іміз-ге means “to our houses.” Hyphens help us see the parts; the written word is үйлерімізге.
